Date Palm Biodiversity & Cultivation in Urban and Rural Areas Resilience Programme-Oasis Cities

Abstract

Oases are a home of multiple agro-biodiversity and have a large agricultural capacity. Richness of date palm is by different varieties, dates qualities, colors and forms: Medjhoul, Boufeggous (Morocco), Fardh, Khalas, Khassab, Hellali (Oman); Gondella, Bertamouda, Zaghloul, Samani (Egypt) and Khalas, Saggii, Chichi (UAE). Geo-topographic diversity of oases. Each of them has characteristics as Good dates quality and real possibility of extension in the Saharan Oases, and better use of water and good landscape for other uses and touristic and urban exploitations for mountain and valley oases generally near cities. The traditional oases share and maintain very rich knowledge as sharing water between plots and irrigation in the plots. In oases, the date palm is a support of biodiversity in oases for pomegranate, olive, fig and orange trees. The products of date palm are not just dates, other different by-product as leaf (compost), Stem (wood) and many products from date and seed. The use of by-products is very developed in traditional oases cities in construction, bridges, house doors and windows.