Agronomic improvements can make future cereal systems in South Asia far more productive and result in a lower environmental footprint
Date
2015-12-14ISI journal
Impact factor: 8.044 (Year: 2015)
Author(s)
Citation
Jagdish Kumar Ladha, Adsumilli Narayana Rao, Anitha K. Raman, Agnes Tirol Padre, Achim Dobermann, Mahesh Kumar Gathala, Virender Kumar, Yashpal Saharawat, Sheetal Sharma, Hans-Peter Piepho, M. Murshedul Alam, Ranjan Liak, Ramasamy Rajendran, Chinnagangannagari Kesava Reddy, Rajender Parsad, Parbodh C. Sharma, Sati Shankar Singh, Abhijit Saha, Shamsoon Noor. (14/12/2015). Agronomic improvements can make future cereal systems in South Asia far more productive and result in a lower environmental footprint. Global Change Biology, 22 (3), pp. 1054-1074.
Abstract
South Asian countries will have to double their food production by 2050 while using resources more efficiently and
minimizing environmental problems. Transformative management approaches and technology solutions will be
required in the major grain-producing areas that provide the basis for future food and nutrition security. This study
was conducted in four locations representing major food production systems of densely populated regions of South
Asia. Novel production-scale research platforms were established to assess and optimize three futuristic cropping
systems and management scenarios (S2, S3, S4) in comparison with current management (S1). With best agronomic
management practices (BMPs), including conservation agriculture (CA) and cropping system diversification, the productivity
of rice- and wheat-based cropping systems of South Asia increased substantially, whereas the global warming
potential intensity (GWPi) decreased. Positive economic returns and less use of water, labor, nitrogen, and fossil
fuel energy per unit food produced were achieved. In comparison with S1, S4, in which BMPs, CA and crop diversification
were implemented in the most integrated manner, achieved 54% higher grain energy yield with a 104%
increase in economic returns, 35% lower total water input, and a 43% lower GWPi. Conservation agriculture practices
were most suitable for intensifying as well as diversifying wheat–rice rotations, but less so for rice–rice systems. This
finding also highlights the need for characterizing areas suitable for CA and subsequent technology targeting. A comprehensive
baseline dataset generated in this study will allow the prediction of extending benefits to a larger scale.
Author(s) ORCID(s)
Padre, Agnes Tirolhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8281-3325
Saharawat, Yashpalhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5987-4429
Subject(s)
AGROVOC Keywords
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