Agricultural Research Knowledge
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11766/187
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- Genome-wide association studies for identification of stripe rust resistance loci in diverse wheat genotypesAuthor(s): Tanwar, Vikesh; Kumar, Satish; Lal, Chuni; Aggarwal, Rajesh; Nair, Rajitha; Kamboj, Disha; Lal Kashyap, Prem; Singh, Vikram; Singh Saini, Johar; Kashyap, Sunil; Hussain Wani, Shabir; Udupa, Sripada M.; Singh, Rajender; Tiwari, Ratan (Frontiers Media, 2025-12-08)Date: 2025-12-08Type: Journal ArticleStatus: Open accessIntroduction: In North India, Puccinia striiformis f. sp. triticii (Pst), the causal agent of stripe rust, poses a significant challenge to wheat productivity. The frequent emergence of new virulent Pst strains has rendered many resistance genes ineffective. Hence, continuous identification and deployment of novel resistance genes are crucial for maintaining durable resistance and ensuring sustainable wheat cultivation.Materials and Methods: A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted on 652 elite, diverse wheat genotypes using 1,938 DArTseq SNP markers. Field evaluations were performed at the adult plant stage across four locations—Hisar, Karnal, Gurdaspur, and Khudwani—under natural disease conditions. Marker–trait associations were identified using General Linear Model (GLM), Mixed Linear Model (MLM), and FarmCPU approaches, considering loci with –log₁₀(p) ≥ 3 as significant.Results: Analysis revealed 27 genomic regions significantly associated with stripe rust resistance across environments. Among these, four loci were located on chromosomes 2B and 6B, and three on 6A. Several loci corresponded to resistance-related genes, including NBS-LRR, F-box, LRR, protein kinase, Ser/Thr_kinase, Znf_RING-CH, E3-ubiquitin ligase, and ABC transporter genes, suggesting their potential role in rust resistance mechanisms.Discussion: The study identified novel genomic regions associated with Pst resistance, providing valuable resources for wheat improvement. The functional annotation of these loci highlights their involvement in plant defense pathways. Conversion of these loci into breeder-friendly molecular markers will facilitate marker-assisted selection (MAS) and accelerate the development of durable stripe rust-resistant wheat cultivars suited to North Indian agro-ecological conditions.
- Climate Adaptation Strategies - Field Survey on Farmers' Perceptions QuestionnaireDate: 2026-03-23Type: ToolStatus: Open accessSurvey questionnaire used to collect data on farmers’ perceptions, impacts, and adaptation strategies in two Ethiopian sheep CBBP sites, Bonga and Menz.
- Breeding European Legumes for Increased Sustainability (BELIS) Project WP4 - Periodic ReportAuthor(s): Maalouf, FouadDate: 2025-09-10Type: Internal ReportStatus: Timeless limited accessICARDA evaluated diverse, genotyped panels of faba bean (300 accessions), lentil (300 accessions), and common vetch (280 accessions) across contrasting environments in Terbol, Lebanon (high rainfall) and Marchouch, Morocco (low rainfall/drought) during 2023–2024. In faba bean, significant variation was detected for phenology, plant height, yield components, and seed traits. Principal component analysis (PCA) explained 52.3% of variance at Terbol and 62.1% at Marchouch, with seed size traits and grain yield contributing most to diversity. Accessions were also screened for Ascochyta blight, chocolate spot, rust, and orobanche resistance. For lentil, wide and highly significant variation was observed for flowering, maturity, biological and seed yield, and seed weight across both sites. Screening at Marchouch revealed substantial diversity for orobanche resistance. In common vetch, significant variability was found for flowering time, maturity, yield, and yield components. PCA explained 56.4% of total variation, highlighting seed yield and pod number as key contributors. Results support future genomic selection efforts with CSIC.
- Baseline Assessment for the Development of ICARDA’s Interactive Capacity Development Platform on Agricultural Water Management in Dry AreasAuthor(s): Omar, Mohie; Al Zayed, Islam Sabry Al ZayedDate: 2026-02-22Type: Internal ReportStatus: Open accessThe report addresses water scarcity in dry regions, emphasizing the critical need for a digital e-learning platform tailored to water management. It highlights ICARDA's role in bridging knowledge gaps and improving agricultural practices amid climate challenges. Existing platforms provide high-quality, multilingual content but often suffer from outdated materials, low interactivity, and insufficient contextualization for arid environments. The authors recommend developing a new platform that integrates practical training, real-world applications, and strong institutional partnerships, ensuring accessibility and relevance for practitioners and policymakers in dryland areas.
- Value chain selection toolDate: 2026-02-24Type: ToolStatus: Open accessThe Value Chain Selection Tool, developed under the project Supporting the Implementation of the Regional Water Scarcity Initiative in the Near East and North Africa Region, guides strategic crop prioritization in water-scarce contexts. It is based on a multi-criteria assessment framework that integrates economic performance, water productivity, environmental sustainability, social inclusion, as well as infrastructural and institutional criteria. The tool emphasizes efficient water use, climate resilience, soil health, and long-term ecosystem sustainability. It also takes into account market demand, export potential, profitability and competitiveness, as well as access to technology and infrastructure. Social dimensions, such as job creation and the inclusion of smallholders, women, youth, and vulnerable groups, ensure equitable rural development. Through a comparative analysis of different crops, the tool helps policymakers, development partners, and private sector actors identify value chains that maximize yields while minimizing environmental impact. It strengthens investment planning, promotes responsible resource management, and aligns agricultural transformation with the objectives of the Regional Initiative on Water Scarcity. In doing so, it contributes to building resilient, inclusive, and water-efficient agri-food systems in the NENA region.
- Outil de sélection des chaînes de valeurDate: 2026-02-24Type: ToolStatus: Open accessL’Outil de sélection des chaînes de valeur, développé dans le cadre du projet Soutenir la mise en œuvre de l’Initiative régionale sur la rareté de l’eau dans la région du Proche-Orient et de l’Afrique du Nord (PENA), permet de prioriser stratégiquement les cultures dans des contextes de rareté en eau. Il s’appuie sur un cadre d’évaluation multicritères intégrant la performance économique, la productivité de l’eau, la durabilité environnementale, l’inclusion sociale ainsi que les critères infrastructurels et institutionnels. L’outil met l’accent sur l’utilisation efficace de l’eau, la résilience climatique, la santé des sols et la durabilité des écosystèmes à long terme. Il prend également en compte la demande du marché, le potentiel d’exportation, la rentabilité et la compétitivité, ainsi que l’accès à la technologie et aux infrastructures. Les dimensions sociales, telles que la création d’emplois et l’inclusion des petits exploitants, des femmes, des jeunes et des groupes vulnérables, assurent un développement rural équitable. Grâce à une analyse comparative entre différentes cultures, l’outil aide les décideurs politiques, les partenaires au développement et les acteurs du secteur privé à identifier les chaînes de valeur qui maximisent les rendements tout en minimisant l’impact environnemental. Il renforce la planification des investissements, favorise une gestion responsable des ressources et aligne la transformation agricole sur les objectifs de l’Initiative régionale sur la rareté de l’eau. Ainsi, il contribue à bâtir des systèmes agroalimentaires résilients, inclusifs et économes en eau dans la région PENA.
- A tool for optimizing the water, energy, food and ecosystem service nexus amidst diverse stakeholder interestsAuthor(s): Verbist, Joren; Yigezu, Yigezu; Akramkhanov, Akmal (Taylor and Francis Group)Date: 2026-03-03Type: Journal ArticleStatus: Open accessClimate change and population growth are intensifying pressures on agricultural resources, underscoring the need to optimize the water–energy–food–ecosystem (WEFE) nexus. This study applies the Stakeholder WEFE efficiency evaluation tool (SWEET) in Uzbekistan through key informant interviews with representatives from governmental departments managing water, energy, food and environmental sectors. Results reveal divergence and convergence of priorities across departments and sectors, respectively around soil cover, fuel consumption and food crop production. Non-food crops were however consistently deprioritized. SWEET supports the identification of shared priorities and potentially conflicting interests, thereby helping prevent rebound effects and building coherent WEFE governance.
- Malnutrition and violent conflict in a heating world: A mediation analysis on the climate–conflict nexus in Nigeria Get access ArrowAuthor(s): Belli, Anna; Villa, Victor; Mastrorillo, Marina; Scognamillo, Antonio; Song, Chun; Ignaciuk, Adriana; Pacillo, Grazia (Oxford University Press (OUP), 2025-11-12)Date: 2025-05-12Type: Journal ArticleStatus: Timeless limited accessClimate variability is increasingly gaining recognition as a factor exacerbating risks to peace in Africa, particularly in contexts characterized by weak institutions and fragile agri-food systems. Existing literature has highlighted the intricate indirect pathways that can lead to increasing conflicts following a climatic shock, including reduced agricultural yields, increased food insecurity, and other socio-economic channels that are highly context-specific as well as difficult to quantify. This study investigates the nexus between climate variability (proxied by temperature anomalies) and violent conflicts as mediated by child acute malnutrition in Nigeria. Starting from previous quantitative analyses that implicitly assumed the existence of a singular transmission pathway linking climate variability to conflict, this study employs a structural equation model that accommodates the presence of multiple, albeit unobserved, mediating factors. In doing so, it pioneers the use of children’s nutritional indicators as mediating factors to capture the multidimensional nature of the climate–conflict relationship. The novel approach proposed for this analysis increases the accuracy of estimating the indirect impacts of climate variability on conflict, as mediated by child nutritional outcomes, and contributes to the literature linked to the humanitarian, development and peace nexus. From a policy perspective, our findings aim to inform and support identifying policies and interventions aimed at mitigating the threat posed by climate variability to human security through the nutrition channel.
- Adjusted Crop Coefficient for Wheat Using Energy Balance Systems in North Nile Delta of EgyptAuthor(s): Saffan, M.Mohye; Belal, Abdelaziz; Omar, Mohie; Mosaad, Alaa (The National Information and Documentation Centre (NIDOC) affiliated to Academy of Scientific Research and Technology(ASRT), 2025-06-22)Date: 2025-06-22Type: Journal ArticleStatus: Open accessAccurate crop coefficient (Kc) is essential for optimizing irrigation water use as well as enlargement water productivity in agriculture. This study aims to update the Kc values for wheat in the North Nile Delta, Egypt, using an energy balance (EB) system powered by Campbell Scientific instrumentations. Field experiments were conducted during three consecutive wheat-growing seasons of 2022/23,2023/24 and 2024/25 at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, covering an area of 4.2 hectares. Actual evapotranspiration (ETa) was measured using energy balance techniques, and Kc values were derived by comparing ETa with reference evapotranspiration (ETo) from FAO Penman Monteith approach. Results showed that FAO-56 Kc values tend to underestimate Kc during the initial (ini) and late-season (end) growth stages, while slightly overestimating mid-season Kc. The obtained Kc values for wheat were: 0.43–0.68 (Kc ini), 0.75–1.02 (Kc dev), 0.94–1.11 (Kc mid), and 0.4–0.64 (Kc end), differing from FAO-56 values. The findings suggest that local calibration of Kc is necessary for precise irrigation scheduling, enhancement water management efficiency, and consequently sustainable wheat production under water-scarce conditions.
- Data Management Plan (DMP) for the Consortium for Red Palm Weevil Control (C4RPWC)Author(s): Bartolini, Pietro (International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA))Date: 2025-08-01Type: ManualStatus: Timeless limited accessData Management Plan (DMP) for the Consortium for Red Palm Weevil Control (C4RPWC)
- Genetic mapping and validation of QTL for whitefly resistance in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)Author(s): Bohorquez-Chaux, Adriana; Becerra Lopez-Lavalle, Luis Augusto; Barrera‑Enriquez, Vianey Barrera; Gómez‑Jiménez, María Isabel; Sanchez‑Sarria, Camilo E.; Delgado, Luis Fernando; Zhang, Xiaofei; Gimode, Winnie (Springer nature link, 2025-06-24)Date: 2025-06-24Type: Journal ArticleStatus: Open accessWhitefly species pose a major threat to cassava production in tropical regions causing direct plant damage and transmitting viruses that lead to devastating cassava diseases. Aleurotrachelus socialis whitefly is one of the pests that affect cassava in South America. Developing resistant cassava varieties is the most sustainable control strategy for managing whiteflies. This study aimed to map the quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with resistance to A. socialis and develop molecular markers to facilitate marker-assisted selection. An F2 cassava population (N = 183) was generated by selfing a highly resistant F1 derived from a cross between ECU72 (resistant) and COL2246 (susceptible) landraces. Phenotyping was performed using an efficient glasshouse screening method and high throughput image analysis of infested leaves (Nymphstar). We identified QTL on chromosomes 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 9, and 14, with a stable and highly significant QTL on chromosome 8 (MeF2WFly8.1), explaining 35.44% of the phenotypic variation. To enable efficient selection, high-throughput KASP markers were developed and validated across diverse genetic backgrounds. Three SNPs displayed the highest association with whitefly resistance, with Chr08_6483145 as the most effective marker for selection in diverse backgrounds. These markers are provided for improving the efficiency of whitefly resistance breeding in the global cassava community.
- Potential impacts of carbon pricing on vegetable cold chainsAuthor(s): Alegbeleye, Oluwadara; Kassie, Girma; Ndour, Adama; Adamseged, Muluken Elias; Athukorala, Aruni (Elsevier (12 months), 2025-12-01)Date: 2025-09-24Type: Journal ArticleStatus: Open accessThe urgent need to address climate change has prompted growing interest in carbon pricing mechanisms as tools for reducing emissions in food systems. This review explores how carbon pricing may affect vegetable cold chains, which rely on energy-intensive, temperature-controlled networks essential for preserving produce quality and limiting food loss. While carbon pricing can serve as an incentive for adopting energy-efficient technologies, renewable energy, and sustainable logistics practices, its implementation can also trigger adverse consequences. These include increased operational costs, potential disruptions to supply chains, food affordability challenges, and public health concerns, particularly for vulnerable populations. Drawing on global evidence, this paper discusses both the enabling conditions for carbon pricing (when applied to vegetable cold chains or relevant stages within them) to deliver environmental benefits and the risks of socio-economic trade-offs, including potential impacts on labour, equity, and food security. Mitigation strategies, such as revenue recycling, targeted subsidies, and hybrid policy designs, are also discussed. Overall, the paper emphasizes the need for carefully designed carbon pricing mechanisms tailored to the structure of vegetable cold chains to ensure a just and effective transition to low-carbon food systems.
- Impacts of different land and water management interventions on runoff and sediment yield under climate change: a case study from the Bale Eco-Region, EthiopiaAuthor(s): Gashaw, Temesgen; Mekuria, Wolde; Ray, Ram; Tefera, Gebrekidan Worku; R. van Oel, Pieter; Chukalla, Abebe D.; Adgo, Enyew; Abeyou, Abeyou; Taddele Dile, Yihun; Seid, Abdulkarim; Bantider, Amare; Berhanu, Daniel; Legese, Gudina; Ayele, Girma; Haileslassie, Amare (Taylor and Francis Group, 2025-10-03)Date: 2025-10-03Type: Journal ArticleStatus: Timeless limited accessThis study evaluated the impacts of land and water management (LWM) intervention scenarios on runoff and sediment yield (SY) in Ethiopia's Bale Eco-Region (BER) under changing climate conditions. The scenarios analyzed include implementing conservation measures in non-cultivated lands (Scenario 1), cultivated lands (Scenario 2), and a combination of both (Scenario 3). These were compared against a Reference Scenario (i.e., no LWM interventions). The revised Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT+) model was applied for baseline (1992–2020), and mid-century (2041–2070) and late-century (2071–2100) periods under SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 climate projections. Model calibration (2001–2009) and validation (1995–2000) for streamflow and sediment parameters confirmed SWAT+ suitability for the BER. Results indicate that, under the Reference Scenario, runoff and SY are projected rise by 12.8–53.7% and 16–60.6%, respectively, in future periods. Scenario 3, followed by Scenario 1, provided the greatest reductions in average areal runoff and SY. This study shows that conserving non-cultivated lands through LWM practices significantly reduces runoff and sediment yield. To effectively mitigate these impacts under changing climates, conservation should prioritize both cultivated and non-cultivated lands. The presented framework offers a transferable approach for evaluating LWM strategies in regions with comparable environmental conditions.
- Family farming through the lens of work organization. Illustrations from AfricaAuthor(s): Dedieu, Benoît; Hostiou, Nathalie; Kuzo, Jacques; Mercandalli, Sara; Frija, Aymen; Alary, Veronique; Haule, Yohana; Raharimalala, Sitrakiniana; Belières, Jean-François; Dembele, Catherine; Cesaro, Jean-daniel; BA, BABA; Girard, Pierre (EDP Sciences, 2025-11-14)Date: 2025-11-14Type: Journal ArticleStatus: Open accessThe paper’s objective is to generate knowledge about work organization patterns in family farms across Africa. A thorough understanding of farming systems is essential (since behind every practice, there is one or several workers), as well as a step toward clarifying the diversity of workers’ task profiles and working conditions across the continent. The study uses a multisite approach, covering five African countries and 14 farming systems, from Tunisia to Madagascar, and is based on the Quaework methodology (which tracks the annual duration of routine and seasonal work, by category of worker—farm manager, family workers, permanent and temporary workers, and by gender). In total, 438 farms were surveyed. Three work organization patterns were identified: one based on the farmer’s investment in either managing the system or performing most operational tasks; another relying on the contributions of family members notably to routine work; and the third involving the mobilization of wage workers, particularly temporary workers, for seasonal tasks. Most farming systems combine multiple work organization patterns. The contribution of women to farm work is also discussed, sometimes more significant and other times less so, depending on the farming system. We examine the workers’ task profiles and related working conditions, providing more detail on what the work involves and who the workers are behind “family” farming.
- Enhanced agricultural land use/land cover classification in the Nile Delta using Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data and machine learningAuthor(s): Maze, Mona; Attaher, Samar; Taqi, Mohamed O.; Elsawy, Rania; Gad El-Moula, Manal M.H.; Hashem, Fadl A.; Moussa, Ahmed S. (Elsevier (12 months), 2025-11-01)Date: 2025-08-21Type: Journal ArticleStatus: Timeless limited accessAccurate and timely Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) classification is crucial for effective agricultural planning and decision-making, particularly in regions like the Nile Delta, Egypt, where LULC is rapidly changing. This study addresses the challenge of classifying small, fragmented agricultural fields and road networks by leveraging the synergistic potential of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data, combined with Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) techniques. Unlike previous studies that often rely on Sentinel-2 or image-based DL, this research introduces a novel approach: a pixel-based ML classification using both Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data. This strategy allowed to effectively capture the spectral and textural information crucial for distinguishing small features, which are often missed by traditional methods. Using distinct temporal datasets and validated ground truth annotations, we trained and tested several ML and DL models, including XGB, Support Vector Classifier, KNearest Neighbor, Decision Tree, Random Forest, and LSTM. XGB achieved the highest overall accuracy (94.4 %), whereas Random Forest produced the most accurate map with independent data (91.4 % Overall Accuracy). Integrating Sentinel-1 with Sentinel-2 data improved classification accuracy by 1–7 % compared to using Sentinel-2 alone. Notably, the pixel-based ML approach yielded reliable predictions for small road areas and agricultural fields, which are often challenging to map accurately. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of integrating multi-sensor data with advanced ML/DL for improved LULC classification, particularly for small feature mapping, thus providing critical information for enhanced agricultural planning and decision-making in the Nile Delta.
- Bread Wheat Productivity and Profitability Under Solar-Powered Closed Hydroponic Net House SystemAuthor(s): Makkawi, Mohamed; Niane, Abdoul Aziz; Al-Shamaa, Khaled; Nejatian, Arash; Al Attar, HInd; JUma, Jassem (MPDI, 2026-02-27)Date: 2026-02-27Type: Journal ArticleStatus: Open accessThis experiment evaluated the productivity and economic viability of wheat under an integrated net house with a closed hydroponic irrigation system versus an open field. The objective was to assess this water-saving innovation under the Arabian Peninsula’s resource-constrained environments. The integrated system achieved markedly superior results, producing a grain yield of 13.0 t/ha—a 117% increase over the open-field yield of 6.0 t/ha. Biomass yield reached 40.0 t/ha versus 16.0 t/ha in open fields, a 150% improvement. These gains were attributed to controlled growing conditions and balanced nutrient delivery, which optimized plant performance and reduced environmental stress. The system also demonstrated significant savings in resources, offering enhanced resource use efficiency per unit of production. The estimated total values of productivity and resource savings were substantial when adjusted to the land area conserved. For ROI, BCR, and IRR, hydroponic wheat production scored 3.13, 4.13, and 312.8% in season (1) vs. 1.97, 2.97, and 197.1% for open-field production. In season (2), hydroponics scored 1.62,2.63, and 163.0% vs. 0.043, 1.04, and 4.32% for open fields. Higher yields in 2022/2023 resulted from 30 vs. 10 min/day of irrigation due to higher relative humidity reflecting higher rainfall in the first season.
- Deliverable achievement report Task 6.3 - D.6.3.1 - Analysis of the sale level in e-commerce platforms, final versionAuthor(s): El Amil, Rola; Mazzoli, IlariaDate: 2026-01-19Type: Internal ReportStatus: Open accessThis report summarizes the preliminary assessment of e-commerce retail appreciation for MountainHER food products, conducted under Task 6.3. The assessment was carried out in partnership with established platforms in each participating country to test possible positioning of products. The analysis of the results refines the business plan and is an input for the the cooperatives' sales strategies (especially pricing).
- Deliverable achievement report Task 6.2 - D.6.2.1. Analysis of the sale levels in pilot retailers, final versionAuthor(s): Kolarić Zatezalo, Dubravka; Mazzoli, Ilaria (Local development agency PINS (PINS))Date: 2025-12-15Type: Internal ReportStatus: Timeless limited accessThis report summarizes the preliminary assessment of physical retail appreciation for MountainHER food products, conducted under Task 6.2. The assessment was carried out in partnership with established retailers in each participating country to test the "readiness to buy" (and willingness to pay a premium price) in real grocery shopping conditions. The analysis of the results refines the business plan and is an input for the the cooperatives' sales strategies (especially pricing).
- Deliverable achievement report - D6.1.2 Consumers' appreciation report - final version- images revisedAuthor(s): Mazzoli, IlariaDate: 2026-02-20Type: Internal ReportStatus: Open accessAll the three wave surveys were completed, and some partners performed further tests, such as concept and product tests with the first products, especially on the occasion of events. It is important to underline that, for a precise purpose, the panels of respondents included mostly consumers with a University-degree, and a smaller share of consumers with a High School degree. The reason for this was the need to assess the preferences of consumers that have the possibility to actually purchase the product – thanks to their socio-economic condition – and can therefore express matter-of-fact opinions. In addition to the 3 rounds of surveys, partner Birrificio Emiliano designed, made and tested – with success - a special bread made with beer (malt) dregs, and a focus comparative analysis among countries was made starting from the second-round survey data.
- Études d’association à l’échelle du génome pour la tolérance à la sécheresse chez le blé dur (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum) en utilisant les marqueurs DArTAGAuthor(s): Derboune, HichamDate: 2025-07-22Type: ThesisStatus: Timeless limited accessLa sécheresse est l’un des principaux facteurs abiotiques limitant la productivité du blé dur, particulièrement dans les régions méditerranéennes où les précipitations sont irrégulières et souvent insuffisantes. La tolérance à la sécheresse chez le blé dur (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum ; 2n = 4x = 28, AABB) est un caractère polygénique influencé par les interactions génotype × environnement. La présente étude vise à identifier les bases génétiques de la tolérance à la sécheresse chez le blé dur, à travers une analyse d’association à l’échelle du génome (GWAS) menée sur 480 lignées avancées développées par le centre international de recherche agronomique dans les zones arides (ICARDA). Les essais ont été conduits dans cinq environnements contrastés au Maroc et au Liban, représentatifs de différentes conditions de stress hydrique. Les performances agronomiques des génotypes ont été évaluées sur cinq caractères : rendement en grain (GY), poids de mille grains (TKW), hauteur de la plante (PLH), nombre d’épis par m² (SPM) et précocité d’épiaison (DtH). Une forte variabilité phénotypique a été observée au sein du panel. Des corrélations significatives ont été détectées entre GY et TKW, PLH ou DtH, selon les environnements. L’analyse de la stabilité via l’indice de l’Interaction pondérée par l’amplitude moyenne (AWAI) a permis d’identifier des génotypes à performance stable à savoir les lignées 376, 207 et 333. La technologie des empreintes de diversité couplée à un génotypage ciblé (DArTAG), couplé à une analyse GWAS utilisant un modèle mixte linéaire, a permis d’identifier 50 associations significatives entre les polymorphismes mononucléotidiques (SNP) et les caractères phénotypiques, regroupées en 27 loci de caractères quantitatifs (QTL) distincts, répartis sur 13 chromosomes homéologues. Sept QTL étaient spécifiques à des environnements stressants (Marchouch, Sidi El Aydi), dix autres détectés dans des conditions favorables (Melk Zhar, Tel Amara, Laanaceur), et deux présentaient une stabilité entre les environnements. Huit loci se distinguaient par leur effet pléiotropique et leur colocalisation a confirmé l’existence de QTL communs avec ceux rapportés dans la littérature. L’analyse des haplotypes a montré une combinaison favorable cumulant les allèles positifs de QTL.ICD.DW.012, QTL.ICD.DW.014 et QTL.ICD.DW.020 a permis un gain de rendement de +482 kg/ha. Par ailleurs, la présence de QTL liés à la résistance à la mouche de Hesse (notamment QTL.ICD.DW.022) rend possible la sélection simultanée pour la tolérance à la sécheresse et aux stress biotiques.