Geographical distribution of traits and diversity in the world collection of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br., synonym: Cenchrus americanus (L.) Morrone] landraces conserved at the ICRISAT genebank
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Citation
Hari D. Upadhyaya, K. N. Rai, Mohammed Ahmed, Vinod Kumar Manga, Murali Krishna Gumma, Ramachandran Senthil. (7/9/2016). Geographical distribution of traits and diversity in the world collection of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L. ) R. Br. synonym: Cenchrus americanus (L. ) Morrone] landraces conserved at the ICRISAT genebank. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, /, pp. 1-17.
Abstract
The genebank at ICRISAT conserves the
largest collection of 23,092 pearl millet germplasm
accessions originating in 52 countries. A total of 15,979
landraces originating in 34 countries and having geographic
coordinates of the collection sites were selected
to investigate the geographical distribution of pearl millet
traits and diversity in the collection. Results revealed
adaptation of pearl millet to latitudes ranging between
33.00 S and 36.91 N. Landraces with early flowering
(33–40 days) were predominant in Pakistan, Ghana,
Togo and India; with very late flowering (121–159 days) in Sierra Leone and the Central African Republic; with
short plant height (80–100 cm) in India, Zambia and
Sudan; with tallness (401–490 cm) in Chad, Burkina
Faso,Nigeria and the CentralAfricanRepublic;with high
tillering (11–35) in India and Yemen; with high panicle
exsertion (11–29 cm) in Ghana, Chad, India and Yemen;
with long panicles (75–135 cm) in Nigeria and Niger;
with thick panicles (41–58 mm) in Namibia, Togo and
Zimbabwe and those with large seeds (16–19 g
1000 seeds-1) were predominant in Togo, Benin, Ghana
and Burkina Faso. Collections from Ghana for flowering
(36–150 days), Burkina Faso for plant height (80–490),
India and Yemen for total (1–35) and productive (1–19)
tillers per plant,Niger for panicle exsertion (-45 to 21.0),
panicle length (9–135 cm) and thickness (12–55 mm)
and Zimbabwe for 1000 seed weight (3.5–19.3 g), were
found as important sources for trait diversity. Launching
collection missions for trait-specific germplasm is suggested
to enrich the world collection of pearl millet at
ICRISAT genebank for diversity.
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