Yield Gap Analysis of Wheat Production in Central Asia

Eighteen sites were considered in this study. These reflected all major agro-ecological zones of Central Asia suitable for wheat cultivation; rainfed (spring) wheat production predominating in the north of Kazakhstan and irrigated cropping in the more arid south of Central Asia. CropSyst model tools showed higher efficiency as a tool to simulate crop yields both for research station, identify reasons for such gap and estimate yield gap by applying different management practices. Thus in the main rainfed and irrigated areas in Central Asia there is sufficient gap that can be possible bridged by improved irrigation, nitrogen and salinity management in the future. Preliminary research indicated that (early sowing, pre-sowing irrigation (50 mm) and optimum Nitrogen Management) applied for rainfed sites and optimum irrigation and optimum Nitrogen Management for irrigated sites can significantly reduce this yield gap.