Assessing the genetic diversity of 48 groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes in the Guinea savanna agro-ecology of Ghana, using microsatellite-based markers
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Date
2015-09-23
Date Issued
ISI Journal
Impact factor: 0.573 (Year: 2015)
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Citation
Manda Sriswathi, Felix D. Dakora. (23/9/2015). Assessing the genetic diversity of 48 groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L. ) genotypes in the Guinea savanna agro-ecology of Ghana, using microsatellite-based markers. African Journal of Biotechnology, 14 (32), pp. 2484-2493.
Abstract
Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is the most important grain legume in Ghana. However, its production
is constrained by a myriad of biotic and abiotic stresses which necessitate the development and use of
superior varieties for increased yield. Germplasm characterisation both at the phenotypic and molecular
level is important in all plant breeding programs. The aim of this study was to characterise selected
advanced breeding groundnut lines with different phenotypic attributes at the molecular level using
simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers in Ghana. A total of 53 SSR markers were screened and 25 were
found to be polymorphic with an average polymorphic information content (PIC) value of 0.57. Of the 48
groundnut genotypes studied, 67% showed very close relationship (~100% similarity) with one or more
genotypes among themselves. In fact, there were 14 instances where two to three genotypes within the
same sub-cluster exhibited 100% similarity even though they displayed different phenotypic attributes.
The remaining 33% of the groundnut genotypes were distant from each other and could therefore serve
as effective parental material for future work. In this study, the SSR-based markers were found to be
quite discriminatory in discerning variations between and among groundnut lines even where the level
of variation was low. Microsatellite-based markers therefore represent a useful tool for dissecting
genetic variations in cultivated crops, especially groundnut
