The contribution of pastoral farming in improving the living conditions of households rural areas in the Tinghir zone
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Citation
Harara Abir. (30/9/2020). The contribution of pastoral farming in improving the living conditions of households rural areas in the Tinghir zone.
Abstract
The systems of the Maghreb hinterlands are based on the complementarity and integration of
agriculture and livestock, especially through the mobility of herds. Therefore, this study aims to
understand the links between livelihoods and agricultural practices (herd mobility in our case), as
well as the organization of work in rural households with a focus on the place of women. This is in
order to characterize the vulnerability of rural households. This will be addressed by using a set of
data collected by the use of the Rural Household Multi-Indicators Survey toolkit (RHoMIS) from
the pastoral and agro-pastoral areas of Tinghir, more precisely in 7 municipalities from downstream
to upstream of the Dades valley, which are: Ikniouen, Boumalne, Ait Youl, Ait Sedrat Jbel Soufla,
Ait Sedrat Jbel El Oulia, M'semrir and Tilmi.
Based on the typology that results from a multivariate analysis followed by a hierarchical ascending
classification, we were able to identify 4 categories of breeders or household profiles. Two are most
represented in the study sample. Those are, the category E1 representing the agro-pastoral system
combining agriculture and small ruminant breeding, and the category E2 representing farms
specialized in pastoralism with small ruminant breeding. Intermediate systems are also
distinguished, namely small family farms (category E3) and mixed farming systems that integrate
agriculture and livestock (E4).
In terms of economic analysis of the livestock system for each category, we found that the breeding,
in general, and pastoral of small ruminants, in particular, is not sufficient to meet the needs of the
rural population living in the most landlocked areas of Morocco. As a result, in order to become
more resilient, the rural households’ members adopted means, other than livestock to manage their
resources and to fight against poverty. Regarding the organization of work within the household, the
members of the rural households themselves design their own activities to achieve their goals and
properly manage the resources to which they have access (grazing, work, water, capital, etc.).
Regarding the place of women in these production systems, they are ubiquitous in all activities,
whether agricultural or livestock, as well as in domestic tasks.
