Genetic analysis and marker assisted selection using KASP markers in a doubled haploid bread wheat population

Abstract

Bread Wheat breeding can rely on different methods, the main objective of this study was to combine Marker Assisted Selection with haplodiploidisation to accelerate the breeding process, focusing on the introduction of high yield, rust resistance genes (Lr34 and Lr46) and dwarf gene Rht1. This approach was designed to be efficient and precise, significantly speeding up the development of wheat lines with desirable traits by reducing the time and effort typically required in conventional breeding methods. In this context, the concept of genetic gain which is the result of the interaction between heritability, phenotypic variation, selection intensity, and cycle length was rigorously applied. The selection was conducted using ANOVA, PCA, MGIDI analysis, and KASP markers. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the parental and the DH lines for all agronomic traits, indicating substantial genetic diversity within the DH lines. From the DH lines, 54 DH lines were selected for their optimal combination of agronomic performance, including early maturity and high yield potential. Additionally, KASP analysis enabled the selection of one DH ideotype carried Lr34, Lr46, and Rht1. 61 DH lines carrying pyramided resistance genes (Lr34, Lr46) and the dwarfing gene (Rht1) based on the presence of favourable marker alleles were identified. Among these selections, 13 DH lines were identified as having the ideal combination of rust resistance, dwarfing gene alleles, and high yield potential. These selections represent a significant advancement in terms of earliness and yield, and genes pyramiding for improving wheat productivity across diverse environments.