Sustainable Wheat Production and Food Security of Domestic Wheat in Tajikistan: Implications of Seed Health and Protein Quality

cg.contactBahromiddin.Husenov@slu.seen_US
cg.contributor.centerInternational Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas - ICARDAen_US
cg.contributor.centerFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations - FAOen_US
cg.contributor.centerSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences - SLUen_US
cg.contributor.centerTajik Agrarian University named after Sh. Shotemur - TAUen_US
cg.contributor.funderInternational Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas - ICARDAen_US
cg.contributor.projectCommunication and Documentation Information Services (CODIS)en_US
cg.contributor.project-lead-instituteInternational Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas - ICARDAen_US
cg.coverage.countryTJen_US
cg.coverage.regionCentral Asiaen_US
cg.identifier.doihttps://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115751en_US
cg.isijournalISI Journalen_US
cg.issn1660-4601en_US
cg.issue11en_US
cg.journalInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Healthen_US
cg.subject.agrovocfood securityen_US
cg.subject.agrovoccrop managementen_US
cg.subject.agrovocpublicationsen_US
cg.subject.agrovocWheaten_US
cg.volume18en_US
dc.contributorAsaad, Sihamen_US
dc.contributorMuminjanov, Hafizen_US
dc.contributorGarkava-Gustavsson, Larisaen_US
dc.contributorJohansson, Evaen_US
dc.creatorHusenov, B.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2022-04-21T20:57:57Z
dc.date.available2022-04-21T20:57:57Z
dc.description.abstractStaple crop yield, quality and sustainable production are critical for domestic food security in developing countries. In Tajikistan, both seed-borne diseases and protein quality impair the yield and the quality of the major staple crop, wheat. Here, we used a detailed two-year survey of fields on 21 wheat-producing farms in Tajikistan, combined with lab analyses on seed health and protein quality, to investigate the presence of seed-borne diseases and bread-making quality in Tajik wheat. Seed samples were collected for the analysis of: (i) the presence of common bunt (Tilletia spp.) using the centrifuge wash test, (ii) the major pathogenic fungi on/in the seed using the agar plate test and (iii) the protein amount and size distribution using size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC). Field occurrence of common bunt and loose smut was generally low (3 farms in year one (14%) showed common bunt occurrence), but the presence of fungi was observed microscopically on most seed samples (on seeds from 19 out of 21 farms = 91%). Tilletia laevis was the dominant agent in common bunt (present in 19 farms compared to T. tritici present in 6 farms). Altogether, 18 different fungi were identified from seed samples by microscopy. Protein composition, measured with high-performance liquid chromatography as protein amount and size distribution (known to correlate with bread-making quality), differed significantly between samples from different farms and years, although the farm type and land elevation of the farm were not the determinants of the protein composition. The presence of certain fungi on the seed correlated significantly with the protein quality and could then have an impact on the bread-making quality of the Tajik wheat. The presence of seed-borne diseases, a low protein content and weak gluten were the characteristics of the majority of the grain samples, mostly irrespective of farm type and farmer’s knowledge. For sustainable development of the Tajik farming systems, and to strengthen the food security of the country, the knowledge of Tajik farmers needs to be increased independently of farm type; in general, plant breeding is required and certified seeds need to be made available throughout the country.en_US
dc.formatPDFen_US
dc.identifierhttps://mel.cgiar.org/reporting/downloadmelspace/hash/141f540ede9050a5a0c17529b4ca993e/v/406414f9397c19e07cc456149b75141ben_US
dc.identifier.citationB. Husenov, Siham Asaad, Hafiz Muminjanov, Larisa Garkava-Gustavsson, Eva Johansson. (27/5/2021). Sustainable Wheat Production and Food Security of Domestic Wheat in Tajikistan: Implications of Seed Health and Protein Quality. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18 (11).en_US
dc.identifier.statusOpen accessen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11766/67359
dc.languageenen_US
dc.publisherMDPIen_US
dc.rightsCC-BY-4.0en_US
dc.sourceInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health;18,(2021)en_US
dc.subjectseed-borne diseaseen_US
dc.subjectfield surveyen_US
dc.subjectcommon bunten_US
dc.subjectenvironment protectionen_US
dc.subjectwheat proteinen_US
dc.titleSustainable Wheat Production and Food Security of Domestic Wheat in Tajikistan: Implications of Seed Health and Protein Qualityen_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
dcterms.available2021-05-27en_US
mel.impact-factor3.390en_US

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