Step-by-step inspection protocol for identifying RPW infestation in date palms

Abstract

One of the most important factors for the success of the Red Palm Weevil (RPW) control program is the early detection of infestation, which enables rapid decision‑making and the technical application of appropriate advanced measures to ensure reduced losses and limit the spread of the pest. Early detection is also crucial for farmers, as it allows for easier and more limited treatment by removing the infested areas of the palm and applying quarantine practices, which contribute significantly to effective control. Early inspection also helps identify infestation zones within the farm and is considered one of the best monitoring methods currently adopted. It enables the inspector to assess the farm’s date palms and accurately diagnose the absence or presence of pests and infestation sites by focusing on vulnerable points, while recording the highest levels of monitoring at suspected areas. Currently, date palm inspection relies heavily on trained personnel who visually search for signs of infestation, often using a long, slender metal probe to detect internal damage. In some large commercial plantations, trained sniffer dogs are also employed to detect early-stage infestations. Modern commercial acoustic and seismic sensors that use insertable probes—such as Palmear, PalmProtect, Permia Sensing, and Agrint—are now available. However, most of these technologies still require further testing and validation before they can be widely scaled and deployed.