Wheat and barley seed system in Syria: How diverse are wheat and barley varieties and landraces from farmer’s fields?

cg.contactz.bishaw@cgiar.orgen_US
cg.contributor.centerInternational Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas - ICARDAen_US
cg.contributor.centerWageningen University & Research Centre - WURen_US
cg.contributor.crpCGIAR Research Program on Dryland Systems - DSen_US
cg.contributor.funderBill & Melinda Gates Foundation - BMGFen_US
cg.contributor.funderArab Fund for Economic and Social Development - AFESDen_US
cg.contributor.funderKuwait Fund for Arab Economic Development - KFAEDen_US
cg.contributor.funderOPEC Fund for International Development - OFIDen_US
cg.contributor.projectAFESD/KF/BMGF/OFID Support for Enhancement of Food Security in the Arab Region, Phase IIen_US
cg.contributor.project-lead-instituteInternational Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas - ICARDAen_US
cg.coverage.admin-unitTel Hadyaen_US
cg.coverage.countryEGen_US
cg.coverage.countryMAen_US
cg.coverage.regionNorthern Africaen_US
cg.creator.idBishaw, Zewdie: 0000-0003-1763-3712en_US
cg.identifier.doihttps://dx.doi.org/10.22069/ijpp.2015.1869en_US
cg.isijournalISI Journalen_US
cg.issn1735-6814en_US
cg.issue1en_US
cg.journalInternational Journal of Plant Productionen_US
cg.subject.agrovocbarleyen_US
cg.subject.agrovocwheaten_US
cg.subject.agrovoccoefficient of parentageen_US
cg.subject.agrovocsyriaen_US
cg.subject.agrovocBarleyen_US
cg.subject.agrovocWheaten_US
cg.volume9en_US
dc.contributorStruik, Paul C.en_US
dc.contributorvan Gastel, A.J.G.en_US
dc.creatorBishaw, Zewdieen_US
dc.date.accessioned2016-04-20T14:06:57Z
dc.date.available2016-04-20T14:06:57Z
dc.description.abstractThe present study described the diversity of wheat and barley varieties and landraces available in farmer’s fields in Syria using different indicators. Analysis of spatial and temporal diversity and coefficient of parentage along with measurements of agronomic and morphological traits were employed to explain the diversity of wheat and barley varieties or landraces grown by farmers in Syria. Farm level surveys showed low spatial diversity of wheat and barley where only a few dominant varieties occupied a large proportion of wheat and barley areas. The five top wheat varieties (ACSAD 65, Cham 1, Cham3, Lahan and Cham 6) occupied 81% of the wheat area and were grown by 78% of the sample farmers. In case of barley one single landrace was grown in almost the entire survey area in north eastern Syria. The weighted average age of wheat varieties was highest with an average of 10.8 years showing low temporal diversity by farmers. In Syria bread wheat showed lower average diversity and weighted diversity than durum wheat. Variance component analysis showed significant variations for desirable agronomic characters such as plant height, grain yield and yield components (kernels per spike-1, seed weight) among wheat and barley varieties and landraces. The principal component analysis explained the variations that existed among modern varieties and landraces. Cluster analysis based on agronomic and morphological traits grouped the modern varieties and landraces into separate clusters. The variation that existed among the landraces showed broad opportunities for using in plant breeding programs to develop varieties suitable for different agro-ecological zones. To date large areas previously grown to traditional varieties and landraces are now increasingly replaced by contiguous expanse of land planted to uniform modern bread and durum wheat varieties and are grown by large number of farmers. Apart from the landraces, the wild relatives and progenitors of both wheat and barley are being threatened by extinction in the center of origin.en_US
dc.formatPDFen_US
dc.identifierhttp://ijpp.gau.ac.ir/article_1869_336.htmlen_US
dc.identifierhttps://mel.cgiar.org/reporting/downloadmelspace/hash/VSyoV7TP/v/6fa8578049824b80981d40e59381bf36en_US
dc.identifier.citationZewdie Bishaw, Paul C. Struik, A. J. G. van Gastel. (31/1/2015). Wheat and barley seed system in Syria: How diverse are wheat and barley varieties and landraces from farmer’s fields. International Journal of Plant Production, 9 (1), pp. 171-150.en_US
dc.identifier.statusOpen accessen_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11766/4643
dc.languageenen_US
dc.publisherGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (GUASNR)en_US
dc.rightsCC-BY-NC-4.0en_US
dc.sourceInternational Journal of Plant Production;9,(2014) Pagination 171-150en_US
dc.subjectspatial diversityen_US
dc.subjecttemporal diversityen_US
dc.subjectgenetic diversityen_US
dc.titleWheat and barley seed system in Syria: How diverse are wheat and barley varieties and landraces from farmer’s fields?en_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
dcterms.available2014-10-26en_US
dcterms.extent171-150en_US
dcterms.issued2015-01-31en_US
mel.impact-factor1.065en_US
mel.project.openhttps://mel.cgiar.org/projects/14en_US

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